There is a button in Recolor Artwork dialog to fade all other colors but a clicked one, the rightmost button with a magnifier below the Current Colors list.
This fade does little help when the object with the chosen color is too small on the canvas, like in a complex illustration.
Zooming to these can be a solution, but it won't help if there are many of these specs with the color, so perhaps these objects should be highlighted with a flash of edges or in some other dynamic way to help to locate them.