Not clear this is actually GPU-related.
This bug dates back 32 years, all the way to Illustrator 1.0, when Adobe used the term "QuickDraw" to describe it. Terminology has changed, the bug has not. It has happened on every version of Illustrator, on every Mac, under every operating system.
I've sent the attached screenshots and videos in the past, no response.
The bug manifests as stray lines or incorrect vectors at certain seemingly-random resolutions.
In preview mode, in addition to above problems, (possibly a different bug), I often get sectors or areas that do not fill or redraw correctly. Sometimes a black rectangle where none should be, sometimes just blank white space.
sometimes some stray diagonal lines, often when I 'move around' in a document in preview mode, new areas do not "refresh".