Windows 10 64 Bit, AI 23.1 .I've observed this bug all previous versions, and on multiple computers.

Add a 3D effect (eg. Extrude and Bevel) to a path and increase the scale... it always breaks past a certain size. The theshold increases with the extrude depth, so deep objects can be larger while flat objects (ie. no extrude depth) break at a relatively small size. Check out the attached image.

It's an extremely useful effect... clearly it would be a whole lot better if it could still be used at larger scales!